Countries

Ireland

Home to the Cliffs of Moher and four Nobel laureates in Literature (Yeats, Shaw, Beckett and Heaney), more per capita than any other country. Irish (Gaeilge) is the state's first official language under the constitution, though English is the everyday language for most people.

The Cliffs of Moher, sea cliffs on the west coast of Ireland, seen from the water

The Cliffs of Moher

Photo: Neuköllner, CC BY-SA 4.0

Green, white and orange vertical bands, adopted in 1916 and official since 1937. Green for the Gaelic Catholic tradition, orange for the Protestant tradition (after William of Orange), and white for the hoped-for peace between them.

How it has changed

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